Motivational Theory and Generation Y

Motivational Theory and Generation Y Motivation theories explain about human nature and human needs. These theories demystify the nature of people and the forces that drive people into action. Motivational theory explains why people take the actions they take at work. These theories can be classified into organismic or mechanistic. Mechanistic theories view the human being as passive and needing prodding in order to take action.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Motivational Theory and Generation Y specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Organismic theories, on the other hand, view the human being as proactive and having initiative in his actions. The intrinsic needs and physiological drives of human beings account for this proactive nature. It is necessary to note that, at the work place, motivation is the result of incentives and human needs. A human being will feel more motivated when provided incentives meet his intrinsic needs. Motives are directed towards the achievement of a certain goal. Thus, the motives influence the behavior of the human being. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is one of the theories that explains human motives as related to their needs. Maslow classifies human needs into five categories from the most pressing to the least pressing. It is also necessary to note that three of Maslow’s identified psychological needs are the most pressing needs for generation Y. These needs include basic human needs such as food, shelter and clothing. A person is not likely to start thinking of satisfying the other needs unless the psychological needs are met. Employees will desire a job that is capable of catering for and satisfying their psychological needs. Next in the hierarchy is a need for safety and security. Once his psychological needs have been satisfied, man will desire to ensure safety of the basic needs. People need to be sure of maintaining their status in the event of an unforeseen catastrophe. Members of an organization are likely to be motivated if their future is safe. If their future is in danger, persons will deem other things as unimportant. Again, people will work harder in life once they have satisfied their psychological needs in order to secure their future.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Once safety and security needs have been met, social needs emerge as important. Man needs belongingness and recognition by the society. Employees will work harder to obtain outstanding results in order to gain belongingness and recognition in their organizations. In addition, organizations reward and recognize outstanding performance to motivate employees. It is worth mentioning that these three needs are the pressing needs in early adulthood. The needs of self esteem and self actualization arise much later in adulthood as Maslow explained. Douglas McGregor proposed two theories to explain the motivation in human beings. Theory X assumes that people are inherently lazy and need prodding in order to carry out a task. On the other hand, Theory Y assumes that people view work as play or rest. It is noteworthy that while some elements of generation Y require nudging in order to accomplish tasks, a number also like working independently and are self driven. Thus, the choice of which Theory to apply in motivating employees should not be made on a generalized approach but rather on an individual basis. Under Theory Y, McGregor proposed that employees should be given challenging tasks and involved in participative decision making. It is noteworthy that these are the same qualities that persons in early adulthood, commonly referred to as generation Y are seeking in their jobs. Consequently, to motivate the Generation Y, managers should be considering approaches that cater to their needs for recognition through active leadership opportunities, cash incentives and job en richment. In summary, approaches that best suit the needs of generation Y should be adopted. Leadership should cultivate trust and participatory leadership in the team. This will increase productivity in the team. The expectancy theory should be applied to ensure that reward systems award young adults with items they need. However, caution needs to be exercised to ensure that the extrinsic rewards given do not overshadow the need for the intrinsic drive to do work.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Motivational Theory and Generation Y specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Using the 2 Simple Past Tenses of Spanish

Using the 2 Simple Past Tenses of Spanish English has one simple past tense, but Spanish has two: the preterite and the imperfect. The two past tenses refer in different ways to what has happened. They are called the simple past tenses to distinguish them from verb forms that use an auxiliary verb, such as has left in English and ha salido in Spanish. In other words, the simple past tenses use a single word. Although the English past in a sentence such as he ate can be conveyed in Spanish using either the preterite (comià ³) or the imperfect indicative (comà ­a), the two tenses dont mean the same thing. In general, the preterite is used when speaking of completed action, indicating the verbs action had a clear end. The imperfect is used to refer to an action that doesnt have a specific ending. Here are some more specific uses to clarify the differences between the two tenses. Note that the imperfect is frequently translated in ways other than the English simple past. Key Takeaways: Spanish Simple Past Tense Although English has one simple (single-word) past tense, Spanish has two, and they usually arent interchangeable.In general, the preterite tense is used for actions that took place over a clear period of time.In general, the imperfect tense is used for actions whose conclusion isnt irrelevant or unspecified. Uses for the Preterite Tense The preterite (often spelled preterite) is used to tell of something that happened once: Fuimos ayer a la playa. (We went to the beach yesterday.)Escribà ­ la carta. (I wrote the letter.)Compramos un coche azul.  (We bought a blue car.) It can also tell of something that happened more than once but with a specific end: Fui ayer seis veces a la tienda. (I went to the store six times yesterday.)Leyà ³ el libro cinco veces. (He read the book five times.) Finally, the preterite can indicate the beginning or end of a process: Tuvo frà ­o. (He got cold.)El huracn se terminà ³ a las ocho. (The hurricane was finished at 8.) Uses for the Imperfect Tense On the other hand, the imperfect tells of past habitual or repeated actions where theres no definite end specified. It is often translated as used to verb, would verb, or was/were verb -ing. Iba a la tienda. (I used to go to the store. Note that it is possible that the verbs action continues today.)Leà ­amos los libros. (We would read the books. The English would is sometimes used for the imperfect, as it is here, but it also is sometimes used for the conditional tense.)Lavaban las manos. (They were washing their hands.)Escribà ­a muchas cartas. (I wrote many letters.) The imperfect can describe a condition, mental state, or state of being from the past: Habà ­a una casa aquà ­. (There used to be a house here.)Era està ºpido. (He was stupid.)No te conocà ­a. (I didnt know you.)Querà ­a estar feliz. (He wanted to be happy.)Tenà ­a frà ­o. (He was cold.) To describe an action that occurred over an unspecified time: Se pondrà ­a la ropa de deporte. (She was putting on her athletic clothing.)Cuando Josà © tocaba el piano, Marà ­a comà ­a. (While Josà © was playing the piano, Marà ­a was eating.) To indicate time or age in the past: Era la una de la tarde. (It was 1 p.m.)Tenà ­a 43 aà ±os. (She was 43 years old.) Other Distinctions Between the Past Tenses The imperfect is frequently used to provide the background for an event that is described using the preterite. Era [imperfect] la una de la tarde cuando comià ³ [preterite]. (It was 1 p.m. when she ate.)Yo escribà ­a [imperfect] cuando llegaste [preterite]. (I was writing when you arrived.) Because of the way the two tenses are used, some verbs can be translated using differing words in English depending on the tense in Spanish. This is especially true when the preterite is used to indicate the beginning or end of a process. Conocà ­ [preterite] al presidente. (I met the president.) Conocà ­a [imperfect] al presidente. (I knew the president.)Tuvo [preterite]  frà ­o. (He got cold.) Tenà ­a [imperfect] frà ­o. (He was cold.)Supe [preterite] escuchar. (I found out how to listen.) Sabà ­a [imperfect] escuchar. (I knew how to listen.) Some of the sentences in this lesson could be stated in either tense with a slight change of meaning. For example, while Escribà ­a muchas cartas would be the typical way of saying I wrote many letters, as that is something that typically would take place over an unspecified period of time, one also might say Escribà ­ muchas cartas. But the meaning of the sentence, not readily translatable without a context to English, would change to indicate that the speaker was referring to a specific point in time. For example, if you were talking about writing many letters while you were on a particular trip, you might use the preterite form.